phd criminal justice meaning

Criminal Justice Doctorate or PhD: What's the Difference?

What's the difference between a Doctorate in Criminal Justice and a PhD in Criminal Justice? Learn which option is best for you based on your career goals.

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It truly takes a special person to want to spend his or her lifetime working in some capacity within the criminal justice field and/or system. Why do we say that?

As Lt. Col. Dave Grossman explains in his bestselling book On Combat , individuals who dedicate their entire careers to criminal justice—people he refers to as sheepdogs as they are tasked with protecting everyone else (the sheep) against the wolves or predators of the land—are "able to survive and thrive in an environment that destroys 98% of the population." Yes, that makes people in this field pretty special.

However, one question that some criminal justice majors wind up asking themselves is whether they should expand on their master's degree even more, taking their education one step further by pursuing a doctorate in criminal justice, referred to simply as a DCJ, or whether a Ph.D. is the better path to take.

Though a DCJ and a PhD in Criminal Justice are similar in that they both earn a graduate the distinction of being a "doctor," they are actually two different degrees. So, what's the difference?

DCJ versus PhD in Criminal Justice

Put simply, as DifferenceBetween.net succinctly explains, individuals earning a doctoral degree "are considered scholars and experts in their field of study." Thus, if you choose to earn your doctorate in criminal justice, your DCJ degree can be considered either professional or academic (also referred to as research-based) in nature and denotes that you have advanced knowledge in this field.

This differs from a Doctor of Philosophy degree, or Ph.D., in that this particular higher-level designation is categorized as pretty much academic only with its recipients generally using the knowledge they've acquired largely to aid them in field-related research. For this reason, many of the classes required for a PhD in Criminal Justice provide the skills necessary to study, analyze, and critique areas in this specific field.

Another notable difference between the two degrees is that, while both DCJ and PhD in Criminal Justice programs involve requiring the student to write a dissertation, a doctorate-level dissertation is only reviewed and assessed whereas a Ph.D. dissertation must be published as well. This publication occurs in a peer-reviewed academic journal related to the field which, in this case, would be a journal that revolves around criminal justice theory or practice.

So, what kind of career options do you have if you obtain a doctorate or PhD in Criminal Justice? There are a couple to consider.

Criminal Justice Career Options for  DCJs and PhDs 

The first option is any criminal justice career track that involves conducting your own research on topics related to creating and breaking the law. For example, this research could include historical trends related to crime and punishment. It may also involve looking more in depth at various rehabilitative programs and their impact on society.

A second reason to pursue a doctorate or PhD in Criminal Justice is that this level of degree is typically required for those wanting to become educators at the university or college level. Therefore, if your goal is to teach students earning their advanced criminal justice degrees, obtaining a DCJ or PhD in Criminal Justice yourself is likely necessary in order to achieve this educational-based objective.

Now that you know more about DCJs and Ph.D.s, if you're interested in pursuing your Doctorate in Criminal Justice, then you're in luck! Why? Because Saint Leo University now proudly offers this option.

Saint Leo's New Doctor of Criminal Justice Program

Effective fall of 2018, Saint Leo students will have the opportunity to earn a Doctorate in Criminal Justice . Although the program is offered primarily via online classes, it is interspersed with three short residencies that are spread out over the course of this new 3.5-year program.

Only one of two schools to currently offer a DCJ degree at all, Saint Leo takes this distinction one step further by being the only educational institution to focus primarily on a practitioner-based learning model. This is because the only other DCJ program available is grounded mainly in research.

Additionally, Saint Leo students interested in pursuing a DCJ degree also have two tracks from which to choose. The first is Homeland Security , a track designed to help students interested in increasing their knowledge of topics related to corrections, policing, and societal trends. The second track is education-focused and created for students who are primarily interested in teaching criminal justice courses.

To learn more about Saint Leo's new DCJ program, you can contact Dr. Robert Diemer, director of this doctoral program, at (352) 467-0722 or [email protected] . Or if you're ready to get started, go ahead and apply to secure your spot today!

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Doctoral Degree Programs in Criminal Justice

Pursuing a doctoral degree in criminal justice is one way to reach the highest level of the profession and make a lasting impact on the field. People who pursue degrees at this level are interested in expanding our understanding of criminal behavior and how to deal with it. Graduates with this degree often achieve high-level academic positions or work in research, consulting firms, or public policy groups. They make significant contributions to a wide variety of criminal justice-related organizations.

Types of Criminal Justice Doctoral Degrees

There are a variety of doctorates in the field of criminal justice, all of which serve different purposes. In fact, the primary thing they have in common is that they could all lead to a career in academia, as you would be researching or teaching college-aged learners within your field of study. Below, you can find examples of some of the more common doctoral degrees in criminal justice along with typical concentrations—though these concentrations aren’t your only choices.

Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Criminal Justice

This degree tends to focus on research and academia. Ph.D. candidates in criminal justice fields often study theories, policies, and educational methods. Ph.D. programs typically end in a dissertation or capstone project, both of which are research-intensive and result in either a paper or full-scale study, respectively.

Common Ph.D. concentrations: criminal justice, criminology, forensic science , social work , cybersecurity , homeland security, policy

Doctor of Criminal Justice (D.C.J.)

D.C.J. is the newest accredited doctoral degree in criminal justice. This degree is for people who already have extensive practical experience in the criminal justice field to help them become leaders in their area or focus on a new one.

Common D.C.J. concentrations: homeland security , criminal justice policy

Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) in Criminal Justice

Psy.D. candidates in criminal justice fields focus on the environmental and mental challenges that lead to criminality. Criminal activity isn’t black and white; many perpetrators come from abusive environments, experience high poverty, suffer from mental health issues, or have other challenging situations. The job of someone with a Psy.D. is to figure out why people commit crimes and try to find solutions to problems on an individual or widespread level.

Common Psy.D. concentrations: forensic science , social work , criminal profiling , juvenile justice

Doctor of Public Administration (D.P.A.)

D.P.A. programs allow you to learn about, analyze, and plan for improvements in policy and program administration in a variety of fields, including criminal justice. These programs focus on topics such as government and nonprofit administration, leadership, and program planning and management.

Common D.P.A. concentrations: policy, administration of justice

Juris Doctor (J.D.)

While not a doctoral degree in the traditional sense, a J.D. is a terminal degree for people who wish to work as a lawyer. Those with this degree don’t typically refer to themselves as doctors.

Common J.D. concentrations: prosecutor , defense attorney , possibly leading to a judgeship

How to Get Your Doctoral Degree in Criminal Justice

Students pursuing a doctoral degree in criminal justice typically complete 40–60 semester credits, which takes around two years of study, plus an additional two or so years to complete a dissertation or capstone project. Some programs also require a residency, in which you will work in a criminal justice field under a mentor for approximately one year. If you’re taking an online program, you may be required to attend one or more residencies or colloquia (conferences or seminars with your specific graduating class) at different stages of the program.

Juris Doctors spend more time in school—around 90 credit hours, or three years, in law school. Though you typically won’t need to complete a dissertation or capstone project, you will generally need to get hands-on experience through an internship or practicum. To become a lawyer, you will need to pass your state bar exam.

Criminal Justice Doctoral Program Entry Requirements

While entry requirements will vary by institution, the following are some typical admission requirements:

• A minimum of a bachelor’s degree, ideally in a relevant field; some require a master’s or J.D.
• Professional experience relating to the field you plan to study
• A high GPA from previous studies, usually a minimum of a 3.0
• Letters of recommendation from professors, managers, or coworkers
• Competitive GRE scores
• A completed application and related fee

Criminal Justice Doctoral Curricula

Though each doctoral program will have a unique curriculum, certain types of classes are relatively universal:

• Court Process and Institutions: While undergraduate criminal justice classes cover the basics of how the courts work, doctoral programs look at specific issues and laws that govern how the courts are run on a day-to-day basis. Some of the issues include judicial processes, interpretation and implementation of constitutional law, financial and social costs of capital punishment, victim justice, and system flaws.
• Criminal Justice Policy: Courses in criminal justice policy and administration explore the challenges associated with combining research, criminological theory, and political trends into proposals for positive changes within the many areas of the criminal justice system.
• Criminological Theory: Advanced studies on criminological theory teach students how theories about crime causation are developed and the roles they play in today’s criminal justice system.
• Law and Social Order: Classes in law and social order are crucial to all criminal justice jobs because they define the role laws play in public safety and the modern society in general. They also help students learn how to deal with controversial issues such as the death penalty, imprisonment, and the prevalence of crime across different ethnic groups and social classes.
• Public Policy and Administration: Classes in public policy and administration cover a diverse set of issues that criminal justice professionals face. They emphasize change through effective management and are thus helpful for students who are interested in decision-making positions.

For all these doctoral programs (not including law school), you will need to complete a dissertation or capstone project. While a dissertation is research-based, a capstone project is about the practical application of knowledge. You will complete hands-on work in an attempt to solve a problem in the criminal justice field and ultimately write a paper or create a portfolio or other product and report, sharing and defending your findings.

Completing a dissertation requires you to research a significant problem in criminal justice, such as domestic violence, illegal immigration, incarceration rates, or juvenile crime, then write an extensive paper on your findings. A capstone project requires you to focus on a problem or health issue and complete a full-scale study on it, with a paper, portfolio, or presentation—or combination thereof—at completion.  A faculty advisor will provide guidance and mentor you throughout the process. Upon completion, the student will submit and defend their work before a committee. The committee has the final say on the acceptance and publication of the work.

Online Doctoral Degrees in Criminal Justice

Doctorates in criminal justice are frequently available exclusively or almost exclusively online . Accredited online degrees can be just as prestigious and high-quality as accredited on-campus programs, as they’re taught by fully qualified professionals and have the same rigor. You’ll also have access to an academic advisor and financial aid opportunities, just as you would in a brick-and-mortar school.

Pros of Online Doctorates in Criminal Justice

• Generally more flexible than on-campus programs, allowing you to maintain your current employment
• No need to travel to campus, saving you money on transportation expenses
• Less chance of contracting illnesses from others in packed classrooms
• Easy access to posted lessons and conversations, which means you can review materials as needed

Cons of Online Doctorates in Criminal Justice

• Little to no in-person communication, which some people thrive on
• Must have access to reliable technology, including the internet, a device compatible with your school’s learning management system (the website on which your classes are held), and a webcam
• Group work may be required, and coordination can be difficult, particularly if group members live in different time zones

One frequently cited drawback to online learning is the need to be self-motivated to create your own structure and discipline. However, success at the doctoral level requires these traits of students even in on-campus programs, because structured coursework is not the primary focus of the program as with the undergraduate or master’s levels.

Paying for Your Criminal Justice Doctorate

Doctorates in criminal justice will vary widely in cost based on the type of degree and specific institution. As of the 2019–2020 school year, full-time doctoral candidates across all areas of study paid an average of $11,380 per year at public institutions and $45,380 at private, nonprofit institutions. However, this is the “sticker price” and doesn’t factor in scholarships, grants, or teaching assistant funding.

You have a variety of options, including federal aid , for assistance in paying for your degree. Before exploring these options—particularly any that need to be paid back—you should discuss funding opportunities through your current place of work to see if they provide any tuition assistance or reimbursement in exchange for agreeing to years of service.

Types of Financial Aid for Doctorates in Criminal Justice

• Loans: Loans can be provided by the government or private institutions like banks. These funds gain interest and must be paid back, so be sure to only borrow what you need.
• Public service loan forgiveness: If you have certain types of governmental loans, you may be eligible for forgiveness of some of your loans if you work full time for the government or qualifying nonprofits that serve the community.
• Assistantship: Some doctoral programs allow students to serve as teaching or research assistants for professors, which will offset some or all of the degree costs.
• Full funding: It isn’t uncommon for doctoral programs to be fully funded by the university , even in the field of criminal justice. You may be required to work as a teaching assistant.
• Scholarships, fellowships, and grants: Scholarships, fellowships, and grants can be based on need, merit, membership in associations, minority status, or a combination of any of these and more. They don’t need to be paid back as long as you meet all contractual obligations.

Criminal Justice Doctorate Scholarships and Fellowships

• ACJA/Lambda Delta Epsilon Scholarships are offered by the American Criminal Justice Association to those with membership in the organization. The association awards three scholarships—one for $100, one for $200, and one for $400. They’re open to graduate students who are studying criminal justice with at least a 3.0 GPA. Applicants can apply for membership alongside their scholarship application.
• ASC Ruth D. Peterson Fellowships for Racial and Ethnic Diversity are designed to encourage students of color to enter the field of criminology and criminal justice. Recipients of the fellowship must be accepted into an accredited doctoral program. Three awards are given per year in November, each for $6,000.
• The Thurgood Marshall College Fund and Center for Advancing Opportunity offer up to five, one-year scholarships of $15,000 to students attending Historically Black Colleges and Universities. Funds will be applied solely to tuition, fees, and required expenses. Applicants must be enrolled in full-time doctoral programs, be U.S. citizens, and have a minimum GPA of 3.0.
• The National Institute of Justice Graduate Research Fellowship Program supports doctoral students focusing on research that advances the organization’s mission. The maximum award amount available under this fellowship program is $150,000, and at least 20 students earn this award.
• The Call to Serve Scholarship is awarded by CriminalJusticePrograms.com to deserving students—either undergraduate or graduate—in a criminal justice field.

Common Fields and Salary Ranges for Doctoral Graduates in Criminal Justice

There are many career possibilities for those with doctorates in criminal justice. You may work in high-level governmental positions, teach and conduct research in your area of interest, or provide consulting services. While some of these careers don’t require a doctorate to get started, you may rise through the ranks quicker and potentially earn higher pay with this terminal degree. Some of the most common fields for those with doctoral degrees in criminal justice are:

Career Options with a Doctorate in Criminal Justice

Academia Many people with a doctorate in criminal justice go into postsecondary education or research. Those in this field may work as instructors to up-and-coming criminal justice professionals or serve in a behind-the-scenes role as a researcher in an area of interest; most do a combination of the two. As of 2022 , the median salary for criminal justice postsecondary teachers was $64,990 per year, with pay ranging from $40,720 to $129,640 depending on location, experience, and level of education. Across the country, the field is expected to grow by 2% to 4% through 2032.

Court system While there are many careers within the court system, both attorneys and judges need a Juris Doctor (J.D.) degree to work in their fields. Lawyers in the criminal justice system present cases against accused people, defend alleged criminals, and mediate civil cases. Attorneys earned a median salary of $135,7400 per year as of 2022 , and the number of jobs for lawyers is expected to grow 5% to 8% through 2032. Judges oversee cases and make the final call on sentences or settlements. In 2022 , they were paid an annual median salary of $151,030 . Their field is expected to grow by 2% to 4% through 2032.

Learn more about becoming a judge

Learn more about becoming an attorney

You can also work within the court system with other doctoral degrees; you simply won’t be able to work as a lawyer or a judge. Instead, you would take on a leadership or policy role.

Forensic science Forensic science is where science and criminal justice meet. Professionals in this field work with everything from psychology to crime scene investigation to the human body. Forensic science is an umbrella term that includes a variety of positions.

Learn more about becoming a forensic scientist

Forensic psychology Forensic psychologists work at the crossroads between psychology and the criminal justice system. They may work with people who are encountering the legal system as an accused person, witness, or juror. Forensic psychologists ensure that people in the legal system are fit to fulfill their roles, create profiles of unknown criminals, or assist victims with recovery, among other focuses. As of 2022 , the average salary for forensic psychologists was $106,420 per year. Job growth varies by career title, but clinical psychology—the field of psychology under which forensic psychologists fall—expects a growth of 11% through 2032.

Learn more about becoming a forensic psychologist

Forensic anthropology Forensic anthropologists study the human body to help solve crimes—or decide if a crime occurred. They usually work on deceased people to try to identify bodies and determine the cause of death. If they work in forensic serology, however, they focus on bodily fluids—not just to identify a person and cause of death but also to try to find DNA matches with potential perpetrators. Anthropologists were paid a median salary of $63,940 as of 2022 , and the field is anticipated to grow 2% to 4% through 2032.

Learn more about becoming a forensic anthropologist

Government and policy As of 2018, political scientists —the umbrella including policy analysts and advisors—earned a median salary of $128,020 annually, and the field is expected to grow by 7% through 2032. FEMA jobs have a set of standard pay systems by level; as these jobs are so diverse, there is no reasonable average to assume. FBI salaries vary greatly by position, experience, education, and location using federal payscale regulations, as do those in the DEA .

Learn more about becoming a DEA agent

Learn more about becoming an FBI agent

Learn more about working in the Department of Homeland Security

As of 2018, political scientists —the umbrella including policy analysts and advisors—earned a median salary of $122,220 annually, and the field is expected to grow by 5% between 2018 and 2028. FEMA jobs have a set of standard pay systems by level; as these jobs are so diverse, there is no reasonable average to assume. In 2018, the average DHS salary was $119,755.92 across all positions; FBI salaries vary greatly by position, experience, education, and location using federal payscale regulations, as do those in the DEA .

2022 US Bureau of Labor Statistics salary and employment figures contained here reflect national data, not school-specific information. Conditions in your area may vary. Data accessed November 2023.

Resources for Criminal Justice Doctoral Students and Graduates

• Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences : ACJS focuses on education, research, and policy for criminal justice educators and professionals. They provide a variety of publications that may not be available in university libraries, scholarships and grants, and the opportunity to network with other criminal justice practitioners from around the world.
• American Academy of Forensic Sciences : AAFS strives to promote the study and practice of the forensic sciences as well as foster strong relationships between this field and other areas of criminal justice. They have several membership sections, and you choose based on your career focus. They provide job assistance for students, publications, and other resources for members, as well as some financial awards for students. They’re affiliated with The Forensic Sciences Foundation, Inc ., which focuses on education and research and provides scholarships, grants, and other awards.
• American Correctional Association : The ACA works toward improving the public view of corrections and relations between different organizations and governments. They also promote and implement effective researchand education. They offer a variety of publications, professional development opportunities (some including certifications), and annual conferences.
• American Criminal Justice Association-Lambda Alpha Epsilon : ACJA-LAE’s vision includes improving and expanding criminal justice education, increasing professionalism, improving relationships between criminal justice professionals and those they work with, and promoting general high standards. They have both regional and national conferences, chapters throughout the country, and offer scholarships.
• American Society of Criminology : This international organization focuses on expanding the knowledge of criminal justice professionals regarding best practices in identifying criminal justice predictors and improving the justice system. Alongside a career center, they have publications, a yearly meeting, and a partnership with the Crime & Justice Research Alliance .
• CriminalJusticePrograms.com : For articles and interviews on a variety of topics, check out our resource pages.
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What Is The Purpose Of A Criminal Justice Phd?

Table of Contents:

A Doctor of Philosophy (PHD) program in criminal justice is a rigorous academic endeavor that prepares graduates to teach criminology and criminal justice at the college level. This degree equips graduates with valuable skills like data analysis, problem-solving abilities, and a comprehensive understanding of contemporary issues in criminology and criminal justice policies. The program also offers career opportunities in policy analysis, forensics, investigation, and management.

The PhD in Criminology and Social Justice combines disciplinary and specialized study in criminology, qualitative research methods and statistics, and applied learning. The program is organized around a core of required courses in research methods, analytic techniques, criminological theory, and policies and practices in the criminal justice field.

For those interested in teaching, the PhD in criminal justice can prepare individuals for successful careers in teaching and conducting important field research that leads to impactful policy and systematic changes. Additionally, those with a passion for education can use their doctorate in criminal justice as an educational coordinator.

Criminal Justice PhD programs can prepare professionals for various career roles within government agencies, including policy analysis, forensics, and evaluating potential motives related to current investigations. Graduates of criminology Ph.D. programs often choose careers that make use of their research skills, using their knowledge of quantitative and qualitative approaches.

Despite the competitive nature of the PhD program, it is designed to provide outstanding learning opportunities through coursework, collaborative research, and teaching experience.

📹 What Kind of Job Can You Get With a PhD in Criminial Justice?

What Kind of Job Can You Get With a PhD in Criminial Justice?. Part of the series: Career Search. A PhD in criminal justice is a …

What does having a PhD do for you?

A research degree allows students to explore their passions and contribute to specific research fields. They can develop their theoretical approach and apply it through research, or explore interdisciplinary research, blending theories and expertise across various fields and universities. This allows students to apply their studies and make meaningful contributions to their field. A research degree is an excellent way to apply their knowledge.

Do you get paid to do a PhD?

The majority of doctoral students receive a tax-free stipend to support themselves during their studies. However, it should be noted that not all projects are automatically eligible for funding. Furthermore, funding may not be applicable to every applicant, as not all doctoral projects are automatically eligible for funding.

Is getting a PhD hard?

PhD study is a challenging process that involves completing an advanced research project, sustaining rigorous peer review, and demonstrating expertise. However, the biggest risk to achieving a PhD is dropping out, not failure. Around 50% of people leave the program before completion, according to a 2013 US study. In the UK, a study of 26, 000 PhD candidates across 14 universities found that only 16. 2% dropped out, and 3. 3 failed.

The difficulty of completing a PhD degree depends on factors such as the project, institution, background, financial situation, and research state in the field. Personal circumstances and motivation are more likely to lead to dropout than failure. Commitment is a significant factor determining whether a person will achieve a PhD.

Is getting a PhD a big deal?

Earning a PhD is a significant step in establishing one’s credibility and demonstrating expertise in their field. It is often considered an expert by employers, both within academia and off-campus. The return on investment (ROI) of a PhD program is often higher than the monetary value, depending on the chosen school and field. Many schools, including SMU, offer fellowships, stipends, and tuition waivers to PhD students, making the ROI significantly higher.

While tuition is not necessarily a burden for doctoral students, it is important to remember that they do receive paid support. Overall, completing a PhD program can demonstrate a strong understanding of one’s industry and the ability to work hard.

Is a PhD worth if?

A PhD, or Doctor of Philosophy, is the highest university degree required for academic careers. While a bachelor’s or master’s degree can lead to a successful career, a PhD is necessary for a successful life and career. A Post Doctorate (Post Doctorate) is a position held as a researcher after obtaining a PhD. To be accepted as a PhD student, a research project must be funded. Two options for funding a project are designing it with a supervisor and applying for grants, or applying for funded PhD positions by a research group leader.

Alternatively, applicants can apply for a normal job, including cover letters and interviews. The process to get accepted as a PhD candidate is long and competitive, but getting to this stage is a success.

What is the difference between a doctorate and a PhD?

A PhD is a degree that focuses on original research and theoretical knowledge, while a professional doctorate focuses on applying research to professional settings and addressing real-world challenges. A PhD holder is typically addressed as a doctor, acknowledging their academic achievement and expertise in their field of study. The title “Doctor” is used to recognize extensive research and scholarly contributions made through their doctoral program.

Do you call someone with a PhD doctor?

A doctoral degree (PhD) is a post-master’s degree earned by social and physical scientists who conduct and evaluate published research. Typically obtained after six to eight years of hard work, a PhD degree entitles a person to use the title doctor. In medical settings, doctors are often referred to as “the real ones” who teach others. This article aims to clarify the confusion about the title doctor in the community.

Is PhD higher than Masters?

A Ph. D. is typically regarded as a more prestigious qualification than a master’s degree, reflecting the higher level of academic achievement required for the former.

What is the best age for PhD?

The majority of individuals attain a doctoral degree between the ages of 25 and 30, with an average age of 31. 5 years. Nevertheless, some students are able to complete their studies at an earlier or later point in time due to commitments related to their personal or professional lives. A considerable number of students complete their studies during their twenties, while others may require a longer period of time to do so. Individuals who have already established themselves in a career may choose to pursue a doctoral degree at a later stage in their lives, typically in their mid-to-late thirties or early forties.

Is PhD very stressful?

PhD students frequently encounter stress and mental health challenges as a result of the demands associated with developing new research, negotiating the academic landscape, and balancing the demands of their personal lives. Nevertheless, they are assured of their capacity to excel in their program.

Who is a PhD?

A PhD, or Doctor of Philosophy, is a high-level academic degree awarded by the University of Cambridge. It is derived from the Latin term (Ph)ilosophiae (D)octor, meaning “lover of wisdom”. The degree typically takes three to four years of full-time work towards a thesis that contributes to the subject. It is the highest level of academic qualification one can achieve. The PhD can be considered a mythic status, as it may seem like it is only for geniuses or those who discover something incredible. However, higher research degrees are not solely for those who want to become academics.

📹 What does getting a PhD in Criminal Justice Mean?

Related Articles:

• What Can Be Done With A Criminal Justice Doctorate?
• What Is The Name Of An Undergraduate In Criminal Justice?
• What Does A Criminal Justice Phd Entail?
• What Is The Duration Of A Criminal Justice Doctorate?
• What Kind Of Jobs Can I Get With A Criminal Justice Phd?
• What Is The Name Of The Criminal Justice Associate’S Degree?

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Martin Broadhurst is the President of The Royal Aeronautical Society, a leading professional institution dedicated to individuals involved in all aspects of the aerospace industry. The society promotes the advancement of aeronautical and aerospace knowledge, supporting education, research, and innovation in these fields. It also provides a platform for industry professionals to connect, share expertise, and collaborate on shaping the future of aerospace technology and aviation.

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College of Psychology and Community Services: PhD in Criminal Justice

• College of Psychology and Community Services
• BS in Criminal Justice
• BS in Human Services
• BS in Psychology
• Graduate Certificate in Conflict Management and Negotiation
• Graduate Certificate in Criminal Justice
• MS in Criminal Justice
• MS in Criminal Justice Leadership and Executive Management
• MS in Forensic Psychology
• MS in Human Services
• Post-Master’s Online Teaching in Psychology Certificate
• Doctor of Human Services
• PhD in Criminal Justice

Note on Licensure

Learning outcomes, program types, specializations, general program (track 1) - for students master’s degree in criminal justice or a related field., general program (track 2) for students who have a master’s degree in a discipline unrelated to the criminal justice field, master of philosophy (embedded degree).

• Doctoral Writing Assessment

8-Year Maximum Time Frame

• PhD in Forensic Psychology
• PhD in Human Services
• PhD in Psychology
• Post-Doctoral Respecialization Certificate

Program Website  

The PhD in Criminal Justice program helps prepare students with the skills needed to pursue a range of criminal justice-related roles including leadership and education. Spanning topics such as homeland security, human services, and the role of technology in law enforcement, the curriculum examines contemporary criminal justice theory and practice while outlining some of the national and global issues facing the field today. Students can choose from six optional specializations to create a program of study that is tailored to their professional objectives.

Walden’s PhD in Criminal Justice program is not considered a Professional Peace Officer Education Program for the state of Minnesota and is not designed or intended to prepare graduates for licensure as a peace officer, police officer, or other law enforcement officer in any state.  

Upon graduation, students will be able to:

• Evaluate the root causes of crime and its impact on criminal justice policies, practices, and procedures.
• Evaluate management philosophies in managing human resources in criminal justice organizations.
• Synthesize theory and research on the historical trends and current perspectives in criminal justice.
• Apply data analysis techniques and research design methods to scholarly research in criminal justice.
• Evaluate the role of criminal justice in advancing social justice and positive social change.

General (Track 1)— Track 1 is a program of study for students who have a master’s degree in criminal justice or a related field.

General (Track 2)— Track 2 is a program of study for students who have a master’s degree in a discipline unrelated to the criminal justice field.

Specialization in Emergency Management

Specialization in global leadership, specialization in homeland security policy and coordination, specialization in justice administration (not available for students in track 2), specialization in law and public policy, specialization in online teaching in higher education, specialization in public management and leadership, track 1: fast track option, track 1 is a program of study for students who have a master’s degree in criminal justice or a related field..

* Students take this course for a minimum of four quarters and are continuously enrolled until completion of their dissertation with final chief academic officer (CAO) approval. In general, students are continuously registered in the dissertation course until they complete their capstone project and it is approved. This usually takes longer than the minimum required terms in the dissertation course shell.

To complete a doctoral dissertation, students must obtain the academic approval of several independent evaluators including their committee, the University Research Reviewer, and the Institutional Review Board; pass the Form and Style Review; gain approval at the oral defense stage; and gain final approval by the chief academic officer. Students must also publish their dissertation on ProQuest before their degree is conferred. Learn more about the dissertation process in the Dissertation Guidebook .

(Not Currently Accepting New Students)

Walden offers a Fast-Track Option. With the Fast-Track Option, students take up to three courses and a dissertation preparatory course to expedite their path through the program.

Minimum Degree Requirements

• Professional Development Plan and Program of Study
• Foundation course (3 credits)
• Core courses (20 credits)
• Specialization/elective courses (15 credits)
• Research courses (20 credits)
• Dissertation support course (5 credits)
• Dissertation writing courses (5 credits per term for a minimum of three terms taken continuously until completion)
• Quarter Plans
• Four PhD residencies

In addition, students must

• Pass a writing assessment.
• Submit an application essay.
• Maintain a 3.0 GPA.

Walden students have up to 8 years to complete their doctoral program unless they petition for an extension.

In general, students are continuously registered in the dissertation course until they complete their capstone project and it is approved. This usually takes longer than the minimum required terms in the dissertation course shell.

To complete a doctoral dissertation, students must obtain the academic approval of several independent evaluators including their committee, the University Research Reviewer, and the Institutional Review Board; pass the Form and Style Review; gain approval at the oral defense stage; and gain final approval by the chief academic officer. Students must also publish their dissertation on ProQuest before their degree is conferred. Learn more about the dissertation process in the  Dissertation Guidebook .

Course Sequence (Fast Track for Track 1)

Note: PhD in Criminal Justice Fast-Track Option courses are identified with an ACRJ course prefix for enrollment purposes. ACRJ course descriptions align with corresponding CRJS courses, as listed below. 

* In quarters 2 and 3, CRJS 9000 is equivalent to ACRJ 9001A. ACRJ 9001A is a one-credit course. ** In quarter 4, CRJS 9000 is equivalent to ACRJ 9001B.ACRJ 9001B is a one-credit course.

Track 2: Fast Track Option

General program track 2, track 2 course sequence.

* Students take this course for a minimum of four terms and are continuously enrolled until completion of their dissertation with final chief academic officer (CAO) approval. In general, students are continuously registered in the dissertation course until they complete their capstone project and it is approved. This usually takes longer than the minimum required terms in the dissertation course shell.

General Program Track 2: Fast Track

Walden offers a Fast-Track Option. With the Fast-Track Option, students take up to three courses

• Core courses (35 credits)
• Note: The General program does not require electives or specialization courses.

Note: PhD in Criminal Justice Fast-Track Option courses are identified with an ACRJ course prefix for enrollment purposes. ACRJ course descriptions align with corresponding CRJS courses, as listed below.

* In quarters 2 thru 4, CRJS 9000 is equivalent to ACRJ 9001A. ACRJ 9001A is a one-credit course. ** In quarter 5, CRJS 9000 is equivalent to ACRJ 9001B. ACRJ 9001B is a two-credit course.

Walden awards the Master of Philosophy (MPhil) degree to recognize PhD students for academic achievement leading up to their dissertation. With an MPhil, students will be able to demonstrate to employers and others that they have an advanced knowledge base in their field of study as well as proficiency in research design and evaluation.

• All required PhD core courses (or KAMs)
• All required PhD specialization courses (or KAMs)
• All required doctoral research and advanced research courses
• Program prospectus development course
• Residencies 1, 2, and 3
• A minimum 3.0 GPA is mandatory.
• The MPhil requires a minimum of 45 quarter credits. Maximum transfer of credit varies by program but is not to exceed 50% of the overall, or embedded, program requirements. Students who previously completed a master's degree with Walden in the same discipline area are not eligible for an MPhil.

Students who start or readmit to doctoral programs at Walden University in the university catalog for academic year 2017 or later will complete the university’s required  doctoral writing assessment . Designed to evaluate incoming doctoral students’ writing skills, this assessment aims to help prepare incoming doctoral students to meet the university’s expectations for writing at the doctoral level.

Students have up to 8 years to complete their doctoral degree requirements (see  Enrollment Requirements  in the student handbook). Students may petition to extend the 8-year maximum time frame, but an extension is not guaranteed.

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Criminal Justice

Why study criminal justice.

The Criminal Justice faculty has devoted considerable time to designing a curriculum that will firmly ground doctoral students in the core of the discipline of criminal justice/criminology. Our goal is to ensure that all University of Cincinnati graduates share a common, rigorous training that will prepare them for criminal justice and criminology research. At the same time, through electives and dissertation research, students have the flexibility to develop expertise consistent with their unique interests.

On completion of the Ph.D., doctoral students will be well-versed in criminal justice, criminology, and research methods. Doctoral students must complete course requirements in a Foundation Area of either Criminal Justice or Criminology and in a Substantive Specialization area in Corrections, Policing, or Crime Prevention. To enhance professional development, the curriculum also includes practicum courses on teaching effectiveness and the research process.

Admission Requirements

Prospective students will complete the UC Graduate Admissions Application . It is the applicant’s responsibility to ensure that all required materials and support documents are successfully submitted by the deadline. Incomplete applications will not be processed or reviewed.

The Doctoral program only admits for Fall semester start. Review of applications typically begins in early January.

Admission requirements include:

• Preferred minimum grade point average of 3.5 (on a 4.0 scale)
• Applicants without a graduate degree may be admitted at the doctoral level or referred to the master's program (or denied admission)
• Preferred scores in 50th percentile or above
• At least two (2) letters of recommendation (3 preferred)
• A personal statement describing relevant qualifications, goals, and program fit
• Recent writing sample
• Curriculum Vitae highlighting any prior research or teaching experience is recommended

Additional requirements for International applicants:

• Fulfillment of the  English proficiency requirement
• Submission of a NACES member transcript evaluation at the time of application

Graduates of this program will be prepared for the careers listed below. All opportunities may not be listed. 

• Guide: Criminal Justice Doctoral Program Curriculum - Fall 2023

Explore unique opportunities, faculty, and resources available in Criminal Justice

Application Deadlines

Early Admission

General Admission

The priority application deadline for Fall semester admissions is January 10. The final application deadline for Fall semester admission is April 1.

The review of completed admission applications begins in early January. 

Contact Information

Find related programs in the following interest areas:.

• Behavioral & Social Science
• Politics, Law & Social Justice

Program Code: 18DOC-CJ-PHD