phd in international law canada

• Doctor of Philosophy in Law (PhD)
• Graduate School
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The PhD in Law is designed to provide advanced training for outstanding graduate students who have already obtained a Master of Laws (LLM) degree or its equivalent. The PhD is a research-intensive degree that prepares graduates for opportunities in law teaching, legal research, policy development, public and governmental service, and the practice of law.

The degree requirements include course work, comprehensive exams, a dissertation proposal and defence, a dissertation, and an oral dissertation exam. Working closely with a supervising faculty member, a student in the PhD program is expected to produce a book-length piece of original legal scholarship and of publishable quality.

The PhD provides an opportunity for focused study in a chosen field of law. It does not, of itself, qualify a holder for entry to the legal profession in British Columbia or any other certification for legal practice.

For specific program requirements, please refer to the departmental program website

The graduate degree helped me achieve my current career goals by making me a better researcher, writer, and editor.

Craig Bateman

Quick Facts

Program Enquiries

Admission information & requirements, 1) check eligibility, minimum academic requirements.

The Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies establishes the minimum admission requirements common to all applicants, usually a minimum overall average in the B+ range (76% at UBC). The graduate program that you are applying to may have additional requirements. Please review the specific requirements for applicants with credentials from institutions in:

• Canada or the United States
• International countries other than the United States

Each program may set higher academic minimum requirements. Please review the program website carefully to understand the program requirements. Meeting the minimum requirements does not guarantee admission as it is a competitive process.

English Language Test

Applicants from a university outside Canada in which English is not the primary language of instruction must provide results of an English language proficiency examination as part of their application. Tests must have been taken within the last 24 months at the time of submission of your application.

Minimum requirements for the two most common English language proficiency tests to apply to this program are listed below:

TOEFL: Test of English as a Foreign Language - internet-based

Overall score requirement : 100

IELTS: International English Language Testing System

Overall score requirement : 7.0

Other Test Scores

Some programs require additional test scores such as the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) or the Graduate Management Test (GMAT). The requirements for this program are:

The GRE is not required.

Prior degree, course and other requirements

Prior degree requirements.

Completion of either an LLB or JD and a Masters degree.

Document Requirements

Additionally to the required documents please submit: C.V. or resume Dissertation Proposal: PhD degrees in the Allard School of Law at UBC are dissertation-based degrees involving original research. Dissertation (PhD) proposals form an important part of the admissions process and help to guide the assignment of supervisors and supervisory committees. A proposal should outline a research project that could reasonably lead to a dissertation that makes an original scholarly contribution in the chosen field of legal study. The PhD dissertation proposal is approximately 10 pages (2,500 words), excluding bibliography. Clarity of expression is important. Please upload your thesis proposal under "Writing Sample". List of possible thesis supervisors: All applicants must submit a list indicating your first and second choice for a thesis supervisor, this list should be uploaded to your application form. There is no need to secure a thesis supervisor nor is it is necessary to contact potential thesis supervisors prior to submission of an application as many faculty members prefer that applications are referred by the Graduate Committee for their review.

2) Meet Deadlines

September 2025 intake, application open date, canadian applicants, international applicants, deadline explanations.

Deadline to submit online application. No changes can be made to the application after submission.

Deadline to upload scans of official transcripts through the applicant portal in support of a submitted application. Information for accessing the applicant portal will be provided after submitting an online application for admission.

Deadline for the referees identified in the application for admission to submit references. See Letters of Reference for more information.

3) Prepare Application

Transcripts.

All applicants have to submit transcripts from all past post-secondary study. Document submission requirements depend on whether your institution of study is within Canada or outside of Canada.

Letters of Reference

A minimum of three references are required for application to graduate programs at UBC. References should be requested from individuals who are prepared to provide a report on your academic ability and qualifications.

Statement of Interest

Many programs require a statement of interest , sometimes called a "statement of intent", "description of research interests" or something similar.

• Supervision

Students in research-based programs usually require a faculty member to function as their thesis supervisor. Please follow the instructions provided by each program whether applicants should contact faculty members.

Instructions regarding thesis supervisor contact for Doctor of Philosophy in Law (PhD)

Citizenship verification.

Permanent Residents of Canada must provide a clear photocopy of both sides of the Permanent Resident card.

4) Apply Online

All applicants must complete an online application form and pay the application fee to be considered for admission to UBC.

Research Information

Research facilities.

Allard Hall, the home of the Peter A. Allard School of Law, was opened in 2011. The latest technology connects the Faculty with campuses, courthouses and offices around the world, and a new, state-of-the-art UBC Law Library serves as a vital academic hub for students and the legal community. Natural light, contemporary classroom designs, expanded student service spaces, a student forum space at the centre of the building, and new research spaces are all part of the new facility. The Law Library has a research collection of approximately 225,000 volumes.

Tuition & Financial Support

Financial support.

Applicants to UBC have access to a variety of funding options, including merit-based (i.e. based on your academic performance) and need-based (i.e. based on your financial situation) opportunities.

Program Funding Packages

From September 2024 all full-time students in UBC-Vancouver PhD programs will be provided with a funding package of at least $24,000 for each of the first four years of their PhD. The funding package may consist of any combination of internal or external awards, teaching-related work, research assistantships, and graduate academic assistantships. Please note that many graduate programs provide funding packages that are substantially greater than $24,000 per year. Please check with your prospective graduate program for specific details of the funding provided to its PhD students.

Average Funding

• 1 student received Teaching Assistantships valued at $1,054.
• 2 students received Research Assistantships. Average RA funding based on 2 students was $6,313.
• 10 students received Academic Assistantships. Average AA funding based on 10 students was $4,505.
• 20 students received internal awards. Average internal award funding based on 20 students was $20,705.
• 8 students received external awards. Average external award funding based on 8 students was $20,750.

Scholarships & awards (merit-based funding)

All applicants are encouraged to review the awards listing to identify potential opportunities to fund their graduate education. The database lists merit-based scholarships and awards and allows for filtering by various criteria, such as domestic vs. international or degree level.

Graduate Research Assistantships (GRA)

Many professors are able to provide Research Assistantships (GRA) from their research grants to support full-time graduate students studying under their supervision. The duties constitute part of the student's graduate degree requirements. A Graduate Research Assistantship is considered a form of fellowship for a period of graduate study and is therefore not covered by a collective agreement. Stipends vary widely, and are dependent on the field of study and the type of research grant from which the assistantship is being funded.

Graduate Teaching Assistantships (GTA)

Graduate programs may have Teaching Assistantships available for registered full-time graduate students. Full teaching assistantships involve 12 hours work per week in preparation, lecturing, or laboratory instruction although many graduate programs offer partial TA appointments at less than 12 hours per week. Teaching assistantship rates are set by collective bargaining between the University and the Teaching Assistants' Union .

Graduate Academic Assistantships (GAA)

Academic Assistantships are employment opportunities to perform work that is relevant to the university or to an individual faculty member, but not to support the student’s graduate research and thesis. Wages are considered regular earnings and when paid monthly, include vacation pay.

Financial aid (need-based funding)

Canadian and US applicants may qualify for governmental loans to finance their studies. Please review eligibility and types of loans .

All students may be able to access private sector or bank loans.

Foreign government scholarships

Many foreign governments provide support to their citizens in pursuing education abroad. International applicants should check the various governmental resources in their home country, such as the Department of Education, for available scholarships.

Working while studying

The possibility to pursue work to supplement income may depend on the demands the program has on students. It should be carefully weighed if work leads to prolonged program durations or whether work placements can be meaningfully embedded into a program.

International students enrolled as full-time students with a valid study permit can work on campus for unlimited hours and work off-campus for no more than 20 hours a week.

A good starting point to explore student jobs is the UBC Work Learn program or a Co-Op placement .

Tax credits and RRSP withdrawals

Students with taxable income in Canada may be able to claim federal or provincial tax credits.

Canadian residents with RRSP accounts may be able to use the Lifelong Learning Plan (LLP) which allows students to withdraw amounts from their registered retirement savings plan (RRSPs) to finance full-time training or education for themselves or their partner.

Please review Filing taxes in Canada on the student services website for more information.

Cost Estimator

Applicants have access to the cost estimator to develop a financial plan that takes into account various income sources and expenses.

Career Outcomes

24 students graduated between 2005 and 2013: 1 is in a non-salaried situation; for 1 we have no data (based on research conducted between Feb-May 2016). For the remaining 22 graduates:

Sample Employers in Higher Education

Sample employers outside higher education, sample job titles outside higher education, phd career outcome survey, alumni on success.

Robert Russo

Job Title Lecturer

Employer Peter A. Allard School of Law, University of British Columbia

Enrolment, Duration & Other Stats

These statistics show data for the Doctor of Philosophy in Law (PhD). Data are separated for each degree program combination. You may view data for other degree options in the respective program profile.

ENROLMENT DATA

Completion rates & times, upcoming doctoral exams, monday, 2 december 2024 - 2:00pm.

• Research Supervisors

This list shows faculty members with full supervisory privileges who are affiliated with this program. It is not a comprehensive list of all potential supervisors as faculty from other programs or faculty members without full supervisory privileges can request approvals to supervise graduate students in this program.

• Affolder, Natasha (International Environmental Law, Biodiversity Law, Law and Sustainability)
• Aloni, Erez (Law and legal practice; Law; Contracts; family law; law and sexuality)
• Arbel, Efrat (Law and legal practice; Law; Constitutional law; Gender and Law; Legal and Critical Theory; Prison Law and Policy; Refugee Law; Tort Law)
• Bakan, Joel Conrad (Constitutional Law, Legal Theory, Socio-Legal Studies)
• Benedet, Janine (Law and legal practice; Penal Law; Labor Standards and Laws; Human Rights and Liberties, Collective Rights; prostitution and pornography; sexual abuse of girls; sexual harassment in employment and education; sexual violence against women)
• Beswick, Samuel Peter (Private law; Common law; Comparative law; Torts, private obligations and product liability law; Legal theory, jurisprudence and legal interpretation; Law; Law and time; Limitations; Remedies; Tort Law; Restitution and unjust enrichment; Public authority liability)
• Bhandar, Brenna (Law and legal practice; property law)
• Biukovic, Ljiljana (Adaptation of international legal norms by national governments, the impact of regionalism on multilateral trade negotiations and the development of European Union Law,European union Law, International Trade Law, International Dispute Resolution, E-commerce, Comparative Law )
• Cheng, Jie (Comparative Constitutional Law; Chinese Law and Governance; Hong Kong and Macau Basic Laws; Land Property Law; Information Law)
• Christie, Gordon (Legal Theory, and trans-cultural tort law, Aboriginal law, Indigenous legal orders, Indigenous legal theory, Legal Theory and trans-cultural tort law)
• Clifford, Robert (Aboriginal and Indigenous law)
• Cui, Wei (Law and legal practice; Taxation; Law; Social Organization and Political Systems; Chinese administrative law; Chinese legislative system; law and development; Law and political economy; tax and development; tax policy)
• Cunliffe, Emma (Women and the law, evidence, experts, courts and media, open justice, pathology and law, criminal law, SIDS, child homicide )
• Dauvergne, Catherine (Immigration, Immigration Law, Refugee Law, Legal Theory, Globalization)
• Duff, David (Tax Law Tax Policy Environmental Taxation Charities, Tax law and policy, environmental taxation, comparative and international taxation, and distributive justice)
• Etxabe, Julen (Law and society; Literature and critical theory; History and philosophy of law and justice; Law and humanities; Legal Theory and Jurisprudence; Human Rights; Political Theory; Law and literature; Cultural Studies)
• Flynn, Alexandra (Law and society; Municipal Law; Local Governance; property law; Administrative Law; Experiential legal education; Socio-Legal Studies; Law & Cities)
• Ford, Cristie (Law and society; Administrative law; Business, commercial and corporate law; Sociological methodology and research methods; Law; Regulation; Social, Economical and Political Impacts of Innovations; Laws, Standards and Regulation Impacts; Administrative Law; Ideological, Political, Economical and Social Environments of Social Transformations; Financial innovation and fintech; financial regulation; Legal innovation and law tech; regulation & governance theory; securities regulation; the legal profession; Innovation and the law)
• Franks, Scott (Aboriginal and Indigenous law; Jurisprudence, legal theory, and critical studies; legal history; Legal methodology and interdisciplinary approaches)
• Goldbach, Toby Susan (Law and legal practice; Political Culture, Society and Ideology; Procedural Law; Jurisprudence; Comparative Law; Dispute Resolution; Judicial Politics; law and development)
• Goold, Benjamin (Law and legal practice; Law; Border Studies; Criminal Justice; Human Rights; migration; Privacy; security)
• Gordon, Sara (Law and legal practice; Intersection of psychology and mental health with the criminal justice system; Criminal law and criminal justice; Health law and policy; Legal methodology and interdisciplinary approaches)
• Grant, Isabel (Criminal Law, Constitutional Law, Psychiatry and Law)
• Harris, Douglas (Property law (except intellectual property law); Canadian history; property law; condominium law; legal history; Law & Cities)
• Hastie, Bethany (Labour & Employment Law, Human Rights, Socio-Legal Studies, Access to Justice)

Doctoral Citations

Sample thesis submissions.

• Hybrid regulation of low-carbon economies
• Democracy discourse in peacebuilding : the United Nations Peacebuilding Commission on Sierra Leone
• Sustainable development : Africa's hidden and not-so-hidden contribution to its law, politics, and history
• Africanization of international investment law : reconciling sustainable development, climate action, and foreign investment in the global south
• Rethinking the Antarctic governance and legal framework through the creation of an international legal framework for mining operations in Antarctica
• Overlapping criminal offences and gendered violence : what is overlap and when is it part of the problem of overcriminalisation?
• Gendered racialization and the Muslim identity : the difference that ‘difference’ makes for Muslim women complainants in Canadian sexual assault cases
• Deconstructing securitisation : a new structural approach to evaluating securitisation regulation in the European Union
• Climate discourse polluted : a cumulative effects analysis of the fossil fuel industry’s tactics to influence public discourse
• The financialization of housing in Canada and federally-backed mortgage securitization : public risks, private benefits

Related Programs

Same specialization.

• Juris Doctor (JD)
• LLM - Master of Laws (Common Law) (LLMCL)
• LLM - Master of Laws (LLM)
• LLM in Taxation (LLMT)

Further Information

Specialization, ubc calendar, program website, faculty overview, academic unit, program identifier, classification, social media channels, supervisor search.

Departments/Programs may update graduate degree program details through the Faculty & Staff portal. To update contact details for application inquiries, please use this form .

Chinenye Eze

I was first drawn to UBC because I wanted to be supervised by and learn from a professor at the Peter A. Allard School of Law who specialized in bioethics and health law. I had done a master's degree in Nigeria but could not find a professor who specialized in intellectual property and its...

Terri-Lynn Williams-Davidson, KC

I am Indigenous to this Province. I live in Haida Gwaii and on the territory of the Semiahmoo Nation. UBC is ideal for the location, and because it facilitates ongoing connections with my nation and homeland of Haida Gwaii.

Oludolapo Makinde

Haley Hrymak

Many of the academics I admire and look up to are at UBC. UBC is the ideal place for my work given my focus on BC, my supervisors’ skillsets, and my connection to the legal community and anti-violence sector across BC. I am also very thankful for the funding UBC has offered me to complete my...

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Doctoral Program

Intensive, selective and challenging, our doctoral program is ideal for scholars intent on deepening and broadening their critical understanding of the law, as well as their original engagement with it.

Our Doctor of Civil Law (DCL) program serves as a starting point for those planning to pursue careers in academia, think-tanks, government and international organizations, among others. Our students build the teaching supervision, leadership and knowledge that they need to take on any challenge. Whatever their ambitions, our students have great success in achieving them. The DCL program allows for the development of a substantial thesis, which makes an original contribution to legal scholarship.

McGill's Faculty of Law currently hosts approximately 70 doctoral students, who come from all around the world. Each year, we admit roughly 15 new students to this vibrant community.

Our doctoral programs

The Faculty of Law offers three options for students in its doctoral program:

• Doctor of Civil Law - Law
• Doctor of Civil Law - Comparative Law
• Doctor of Civil Law - Air and Space Law

Research affiliations

If their area of research is suitable, DCL candidates may wish to be associated with:

• the Centre for Human Rights and Legal Pluralism
• the Paul-André Crépeau Centre for Private and Comparative Law
• the Centre for Intellectual Property Policy
• or one of the Research Chairs at the Faculty of Law.

Doctoral students at McGill’s Faculty of Law are invited to participate in Faculty Seminars and other workshops as a way to underscore their membership in a community of academic scholars.

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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Thesis-based program

Program overview.

The PhD program in Law gives qualified students the opportunity to engage in sustained research in an area of interest to them, under the supervision of our diverse, energetic faculty members.

The Faculty of Law includes endowed chairs in natural resources and business law. Our graduate programs in energy and environmental law are world-renowned. We have experts in a wide variety of areas of law, including international environmental law, internet and cybersecurity law, business law, and legal theory and history.

The Faculty of Law is a home of the Journal of Environmental Law and Practice and for our acclaimed law blog, ABlawg .

Completing this program

• Core Courses: Graduate seminar in legal research and methodology, graduate seminar in legal theory, and independent, supervised research.
• Thesis/Dissertation Proposal 
• Written Field of Study Examinations
• Oral Candidacy Examination
• Completion of Original Thesis/Dissertation: Approximately 300 pages in length.

The PhD program is for students passionate about research and writing in a focused area of law, and who may be interested in an academic or research career.

A PhD in law is usually considered a final degree; some graduates go on to post-doctoral research.

Students are required to prepare a thesis/dissertation and successfully defend in an open oral defense.

Three core courses.

Learn more about program requirements in the Academic Calendar

Classroom delivery

Time commitment.

Four years full-time

A supervisor is required; potential supervisors must be listed when applying to the program

See the Graduate Calendar for information on  fees and fee regulations,  and for information on  awards and financial assistance .

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Explore the University of Calgary (UCalgary) from anywhere. Experience all that UCalgary has to offer for your graduate student journey without physically being on campus. Discover the buildings, student services and available programs all from your preferred device.

Supervisors

Learn about faculty available to supervise this degree. Please note: additional supervisors may be available. Contact the program for more information.

Lyndsay Campbell

Gideon Christian

Lorian Hardcastle

Howard Kislowicz

Emily Laidlaw

Sharon Mascher

Michael Nesbitt

Evaristus Oshionebo

Bryce Tingle

Admission requirements

Minimum GPA of 3.3 out of 4.0 on JD, LLB or equivalent Law degree, plus 3.0 out of 4.0 on Masters of Law of equivalent. Generally, successful applicants will have a GPA of at least 3.7 out of 4.0 in their Masters degrees.

International applicants should visit this website to determine whether or not their GPAs meet program minima.

Minimum education

An LLM or other relevant and appropriate master's degree.

Work samples

Writing sample required.

• Applicants must provide a 10-page statement describing their research interests and propose a dissertation project.
• Writing Sample: Should be approximately 10-30 pages long. It must be your own original writing. It should be reasoned scholarly or professional work that serves to demonstrate to a committee of professors that you have a well-developed capacity for writing, analysis and research. It may be published or unpublished. Be prepared to explain in your application the circumstances under which you wrote it. Do not submit writing that you co-authored with someone else: application files relying on co-authored work will be treated as incomplete. Do not submit any material that is confidential or to which others might have claims of privilege, e.g. confidential or privileged memoranda prepared for clients or employers.
• You will be asked to identify two referees. Ensure that the contact information you provide is accurate. At least one, and preferably both, of your references should be provided by individuals who have worked with you at the Master’s level and is well familiar with your past work and research proposal.
• Transcripts from all post-secondary institutions that you have attended, including any that you may currently be attending. Information about transcripts is available  HERE

Reference letters

Two academic.

Test scores

Supervision and funding.

Applicants must identify a potential supervisor in their application.  

English language proficiency (ELP)

An applicant whose primary language is not English may fulfill the English language proficiency requirement in one of the following ways:

• Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL ibt)  score of 97 (minimum of 25 on the reading and writing components).
• International English Language Testing System (IELTS)  score of 7.0 (minimum of 6.0 in each section and a reading and writing band minimum of 7.0).
• Pearson Test of English (PTE)   score of 68, or higher (Academic version).
• Canadian Academic English Language test (CAEL)  score of 70 (minimum score of 70 on writing and reading sections and 60 in all other sections).  
• Academic Communication Certificate (ACC)  score of A- in the Academic Writing and Composition course, a minimum grade of “A-” in the Research Writing and Form course, and a minimum grade of “B+” in all other courses. 
• Cambridge C1 Advanced or Cambridge C2 Proficiency  minimum score of 191.

*Please contact your program of interest if you have any questions about ELP requirements

Dates and Deadlines

For admission September 1:

• Application portal (below) opens September 1.
• Application deadline: December 1.
• Deadline for submission of supporting documents and reference letters: December 15.

If you're not a Canadian or permanent resident, or if you have international credentials, make sure to learn about international requirements

Are you ready to apply?

Learn more about this program, the faculty of law.

Law Graduate Programs MFH 2380, 2500 University Drive NW Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 403.210.8718

Contact the Graduate Program Administrator

Visit their website

Related programs

If you're interested in this program, you might want to explore other UCalgary programs.

Course-based LLM

T hesis-based LLM

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• International Law and Policy

The Faculty of Law stands at the forefront of the exciting and rapidly changing area of international law and policy. Our faculty members include leading academics in international, comparative, and transnational legal studies who are developing concrete and comprehensive responses to the challenges of globalization. We offer our students an extensive array of opportunities to immerse themselves in the study of global legal issues through coursework, clinical experiences, internships, journals, student groups, joint programs, workshops, moot competitions, and international exchanges. We welcome you to explore this page for more information.

Recent Books by Faculty

Find out more on the publisher's website.

Arthur Ripstein Kant and the Law of War Find out more on the publisher's website.

Jutta Brunnée et al. International Climate Change Law

Find out more on the publisher's website .

Related News

• Wednesday, February 28, 2024 U of T Law places first in Canadian round of The Jessup Moot
• Monday, September 11, 2023 Dean Jutta Brunnée among experts at historic International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea
• Tuesday, February 28, 2023 U of T Law event, March 2 & 3, delves into climate change from a legal and policy perspective
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University of Toronto Faculty of Law

78 Queen's Park ( View Map ) Toronto, ON M5S 2C5 Tel: 416-978-0210 

International Law

Knowledge of international law provides students with insight and skills beneficial in a wide variety of contexts, both domestic and international. Career opportunities range from traditional legal practice to work with international organizations, NGOs and government across a broad spectrum of legal and policy issues. The uOttawa Faculty of Law is home to a large group of globally recognised scholars in the area of International Law. Members of the International Law Group engage in world-class research and make important contributions to public debate on international law issues. The International Law Group organizes regular talks and presentations by leading international lawyers on topical issues.

JD Students have access to the most extensive selection of international law courses in Canada and can specialize in international law by enrolling in the Option in International Law. uOttawa students can participate in international law activities outside the classroom, including international law moots, internships, clerkships and more than a dozen student organizations involved in international law issues.  The Faculty prepares JD and graduate students from all over the world for careers in the practice of international law and in academia. Common Law alumni work in a wide range of international law settings worldwide.

Hyman Soloway Chair

Neuberger-Jesin Professor

TradeLab Network

Jd students.

The University of Ottawa, Faculty of Law (Common Law Section) offers an extensive program of courses in international law and many of our graduates go on to work as lawyers in international organizations, governments, law firms, businesses and NGOs.

We offer an International Law Option that allows students to develop a comprehensive understanding of public international law; to explore several specialized fields of international law, including international human rights and security, trade and investment, criminal, environmental, intellectual property, immigration and refugee, and business law; and to gain practical experience in the field through clinics, moots, and internships. 

• Academic Opportunities
• International Law Organizations
• Clerkships and Internships
• International Law Moots

The  Option in International Law  for JD students provides a curriculum plan which identifies the courses that will give you the right training for a career in International Law. The Option also offers you the choice (not mandatory) to have your specialization in International Law noted on your transcript in order to indicate to future employers the special expertise you have developed in this area. A list of current courses that qualify for the Option in International Law can be found  here .

The following is a select list of organizations in Ottawa and elsewhere which students interested in International Law can explore:

• Global Affairs Canada
• American Society of International Law (ASIL)
• Canadian Council on International Law (CCIL)
• University of Ottawa Human Rights Research and Education Centre (HRREC)
• North American Consortium on Legal Education (NACLE)
• Organization of Women in International Trade
• American Bar Association, International Law Section

The University of Ottawa has placed a number of students as clerks at the  International Court of Justice :

• International Court of Justice Judicial Fellows Program

The University of Ottawa offers many  opportunities for internships . These include:

• Internship with the Canadian Yearbook of International Law
• Internship with the House of Commons Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Trade
• Internship with Global Affairs Canada
• Internship with the Canadian Council on International Law
• Internship with the Department of Justice War Crimes Section
• Internship at the International Court of Justice
• the Secretariat
• the Appellate Body Secretariat
• the Legal Affairs Division; and
• the Rules Division.
• Internship with the Justice Governance Group
• Student-Proposed Internships

Participating in a moot (a mock trial, negotiation or arbitration) is a great way for students to develop the skills involved in litigation and arbitration including public speaking, legal research and legal writing. uOttawa participates in the following moots in the area of International Law:

• Foreign Direct Investment  Moot
• International Chamber of Commerce  (ICC) Mediation Competition
• International Criminal Court  Moot competition
• Oxford International Intellectual Property  Moot
• Philip C. Jessup International Law  Moot Court Competition (Public International Law)
• Willem C. Vis International Commercial Arbitration  Moot
• European Law Students’ Association WTO  Law Moot 
• Concours Charles-Rousseau  (droit international public)

More information on how to participate in moots can be  found here .

International Law Group

The International Law Group (ILG) comprises faculty members who research and teach international law. The ILG organizes the International Law Lecture Series, International Law Socials, and other events to bring together legal professionals and students with an interest in international law.

Join our events to explore global legal issues, network with international law experts, and contribute to the ever-evolving world of international law.

Graduate Studies

• Master of Laws (LLM)
• Ph.D. Students

The LL.M. program facilitates rigorous academic study of pressing public questions. To learn more, we invite you to read about the  degree requirements and faculty members  working in this field.

Partner Universities arrow_drop_down

Thanks to agreements with our partner universities, LLM students can obtain a uOttawa LLM plus a LLM from one of the following universities:

• Washington College of Law  (American University)
• Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La défense
• Université Aix Marseille Université  (AMU)
• University Rennes I

These partnerships allow students to obtain two separate LLMs, one from uOttawa and one from a partner institution, in less time than would be required to obtain each individually. Our partner schools have agreed to recognize some uOttawa credits as counting toward the completion of their LLM degree. uOttawa will also recognize some credits obtained at our partner institutions. Please click the links above for details about these opportunities.

International Humanitarian and Security Law arrow_drop_down

The field of International Humanitarian and Security Law at the Faculty of Law of the University of Ottawa encompasses not only the study of the established laws of armed conflict, but also includes legal scholarship on contemporary challenges to peace and collective security.  Students completing the LL.M. with concentration in International Humanitarian and Security Law have a unique opportunity to study and work on crucial issues of international law, conflict resolution, national security, and peace building.

We invite you to explore the  Program Requirements and Course Descriptions.

International Trade and Investment Law arrow_drop_down

International trade and investment law is central to the workings of our interdependent economies.  Almost all countries have trade and investment relationships with their neighbours, or within wider groupings.  Regional trade agreements and bilateral investment agreements number in the thousands, and the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has attained a pre-eminence few international organisations can claim.  Yet, international trade and investment law has an impact well beyond the purely “economic” sphere and is a key component of the resolution of global issues. For instance, problems related to climate change cannot be resolved satisfactorily without reference to trade and investment disciplines.  Even the task of dealing with global health issues has required at times an incursion into trade and investment law. We invite you to explore the  Program Requirements and Course Descriptions.  

Global Sustainability and Environmental Law arrow_drop_down

Issues of global sustainability and environmental law are among the most pressing and complex issues at the global, national and local levels. From the UN to Canadian municipalities, and from multinational corporations to individual citizens, attempts to meet the challenges of global sustainability are evolving at an ever-increasing rate. The role of environmental law in addressing these issues is the focus of the LL.M. with concentration in Global Sustainability and Environmental Law. We invite you to explore the  Program Requirements and Course Descriptions.

The Ph.D. degree provides students with advanced training in academic research to prepare them to pursue a career in academe. These research skills can also be used to pursue careers with governmental and non-governmental organizations, international organizations, and other policy organizations. The admission process is competitive and only the most outstanding applicants are selected. For information on how to apply to the Ph.D. program, please  click here .

The University of Ottawa offers programs in law at the master’s and doctoral levels. Our programs provide students with an opportunity to work with Canada’s top public law scholars on core questions of public law as well as on emerging and evolving issues.

Student Organizations

These student organizations are involved in a wide range of activities at the law school including speakers on international law subjects and career opportunities.

International Law Students Association 

The International Law Students Association is the home of the Philip C. Jessup International Law Moot Court Competition. As a non-profit association of students and lawyers who are dedicated to the promotion of international law, ILSA provides students with opportunities to study, research, and network in the international legal arena. The organization's activities include academic conferences, publications, the global coordination of student organizations, and the administration of the Philip C. Jessup International Law Moot Court Competition.

Contact:  [email protected]

Website: https://ilsaaediuottawa.wordpress.com/

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ILSAAEDI/

Twitter: https://twitter.com/ilsaaediuottawa

Canadian Lawyers for International Human Rights 

Canadian Lawyers for International Human Rights (CLAIHR) is a charity that has been promoting international human rights from a uniquely Canadian perspective since 1992.  We host events, advocate for policy reform, and serve as a Friend of the Court when matters of international human rights arise.

Website : https://claihr.ca/

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/claihr/?originalSubdomain=ca

Canadian Association of Refugee Lawyers 

Founded in 2011, the Canadian Association of Refugee Lawyers (CARL) serves as an informed national voice on refugee law and the human rights of refugees and forced migrants, and promotes just and consistent practices in the treatment of refugees in Canada. CARL carries out its work promoting the human rights of refugees in the courts, before parliamentary committees, in the media, among its membership via bi-annual conferences, and elsewhere in the public sphere.

Website: https://carl-acaadr.ca/

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/carl.uottawa/

Twitter: https://twitter.com/carladvocates?lang=en

International Commercial and Trade Law Student Association 

The purpose of this Association is to provide: greater interaction between other like-minded students; a forum for discussion of current and contentious trade law issues; opportunities to meet commercial and trade law practitioners; opportunities for students to participate in trade negotiation simulations; events that enhance students’ knowledge of the practice of international trade and commercial law; and a liaison with the Common Law Students Society.

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/InterCommTradeLaw/

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/internationalcommercial-and-trade-law-students-association/

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ictlsa_uottawa/

University of Ottawa Space Law Society 

The Space Law Society's mandates are to contribute to space law, domestically & internationally, to create & promote practical opportunities in space law, and to serve & engage community, industry and government.

Website: https://spacelawottawa.com/#mandate

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/spacelawottawa/

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/uottawa-space-law-society/

Société étudiante de droit international 

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sedi.ftx/

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/sedi-ssil/

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sedi.ftx/?hl=en

Stay informed

• Research and publications
• Common Law team wins top prizes, qualifies for global finals at Jackson WTO Moot
• Hyman Soloway Chair Summer Fellowships Provide Valuable Experience to Student
• Graduate Student Makes the Most Out of Her Time at uOttawa Faculty of Law

List of events

Is Two-Tier Health Care the Future?

Colleen Flood  and Bryan Thomas, eds

University of Ottawa Press April 2020

Promoting and Managing International Investment: Toward an Integrated Policy Approach

J. Anthony VanDuzer  and Patrick Leblond, eds

Routledge February 2020

Canadian Yearbook of International Law, Vol. 56

John Currie

Cambridge University Press October 2019

Alschner, Wolfgang

Benidickson, Jamie

Bond, Jennifer

Currie, John H.

Daimsis, Anthony FCIArb

Fathally, Jabeur

Forcese, Craig

Geist, Michael

Larocque, François

Liew, Jamie Chai Yun

Manirakiza, Pacifique

Mayeda, Graham

Mendes, Errol P.

Nakache, Delphine

Oguamanam, Chidi

Packer, John

Pavlović, Marina

Simons, Penelope

St. Lewis, Joanne

Steger, Debra P.

VanDuzer, Anthony

International Law Group Co-Chairs

Prof. Celine Braumann ( bio ) [email protected] Prof. Pacifique Manirakiza  ( bio ) [email protected]

PhD Program

The Queen’s Law PhD program is a four-year program of advanced scholarly research and writing, culminating in a dissertation. Queen's Senate recently approved the expected length of the PhD program from three to four years.

Our students represent a broad range of research interests, and are encouraged to use a variety of research methods. Doctoral students are a key part of our vibrant intellectual community: some teach courses in the law school and work in collaboration with faculty members on research projects. They are invited to participate in faculty workshops, lectures and seminars, and engage intellectually with other students and faculty.

We welcome applications from students who have excelled in previous legal studies, normally with an undergraduate law degree (JD, LLB or equivalent) and a graduate law degree at the Masters level (LLM or equivalent).

PhD Program Requirements

First year:

• Two mandatory graduate seminars ( Legal Research Methods & Perspectives  and  Advanced Legal Research ). If similar courses have been taken at another institution different course requirements apply. 
• Graduate-level courses relevant to a student’s research topic (for credit or audit), as recommended by the student’s supervisor and in consultation with the supervisory committee.
• A course of directed reading set by the student’s supervisor and supervisory committee.

End of first semester of second year:

• An oral qualifying exam to demonstrate readiness to pursue a dissertation.
• Final dissertation proposal

Second, third, and fourth year:

• Research and write a doctoral dissertation not to exceed 80,000 words in length exclusive of footnotes, endnotes, bibliography, appendices, tabulated data, table of cases and legislation, and tables of contents.
• Defend dissertation before an examination committee

More information

The  School of Graduate Studies and Postdoctoral Affairs  offers a full list of learning outcomes and a pathway to PhD completion on its website.

Practicing Law in Canada

Please note that obtaining an LLM or PhD in Canada does not qualify students who do not have an LLB or JD from a Canadian university to practice law in Canada. International students who are interested in practising law in Canada should contact the  National Committee on Accreditation .

Potential Applicants

If you are a potential applicant please see our Graduate Admissions Process for information and a link to the application portal.

Applicants do not contact potential supervisors prior to applying for admission.  Normally, supervisors are assigned when we admit applicants to our Program. Our application form allows applicants to suggest potential supervisors.  If there is someone you are interested in working with, please add that professor’s name to the application form. On the Research Interests webpage , you can find potential faculty supervisors under the various research areas. Availability of supervisors depends on current supervision numbers and if sabbaticals or leaves occur.

Peter A Allard School of Law

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Advancing global legal research and scholarship

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Doctor of Philosophy in Law

The PhD is a research-intensive degree that prepares graduates for opportunities in law teaching, legal research, policy development, public and governmental service, and the practice of law. 

Learn more about the degree requirements.

Tuition, Fees & Funding

Tuition fees and scholarship & bursary information to help you plan your finances.

Program Eligibility

Minimum education, credentials and English language requirements.

How to Apply

Application deadlines and everything you need to know to apply.

Frequently Asked Questions

Review some of our commonly asked questions.

Still have questions? Our graduate admissions team is here to help.

Here's What Our Students Have To Say

“I chose Allard Law because it’s one of the best law schools in Canada and UBC is consistently recognized as a world-class research intensive university. I had a rich experience during my Masters’ program here at Allard, so I was really happy and excited to progress my studies at the Ph.D. level. I’m confident that the PhD program will go a long way in helping me develop expertise in my chosen field of corporate governance and anti-corruption law and I look forward to more rewarding experiences during my time here.